周公島是全港三個能夠發現香港雙足蜥的島嶼之一，香港雙足蜥是香港的原生物種，蜥無足，並且行踪隱秘，能鑽進泥底棲息。目前我們對這種蜥蜴的自然史仍然了解不多。從1987年第一次發現到此品種開始，只有少量的樣本被記錄下來，其中大部分的樣本都在周公島發現。另外兩個能發現香港雙足蜥的島嶼分別是喜靈洲和石鼓洲，前者現有一所戒毒及懲教所，而後者則有一所戒毒治療中心。可見兩座島嶼都有一定程度的人為干擾。所以周公島是唯一一個天然、未受干擾的香港雙足蜥棲息地。這個地點的環境保存相當良好，因此是對香港雙足蜥進行生態研究的最佳地點。

Sunshine island is one of the three islands that support the very rare Bogadek's Burrowing Lizard (Dibamus bogadeki, 香港雙足蜥). The lizard is endemic to Hong Kong. Only a small number of specimens of this secretive and fossorial legless lizard have been found to date since its first discovery in 1987 with most individuals recorded on Sunshine Island. The other islands that also support the Bogadek's Burrowing Lizard are Hei Ling Chau and Shek Kwu Chau. The former is currently an addiction treatment and correctional institution, while the latter is a treatment and rehabilitation centre. Both of which have been subject to certain degree of human disturbance. Therefore, Sunshine Island is the only natural and undisturbed site that supports the Bogadek's Burrowing Lizard.
Being preserved in relatively pristine condition, Sunshine Island is the best site for the ecological study of this lizard, of which not much is known about its natural history.