海下灣 / Hoi Ha Wan
海下灣位於西貢半島的北面海岸，面積約278公頃。
Hoi Ha Wan site is a sheltered bay situated at the northern coastline of Sai Kung Peninsula and covers an area of 278 hectares.
香港的珊瑚群落很有趣，它們跟於菲律賓東沙和西沙的珊瑚系統不同，香港的水域一直被公認是造礁珊瑚能生存的極限環境。而海下灣是一個避風港，亦可通往離岸水域，不易受污染的影響，為珊瑚繁衍提供了良好的環境。石珊瑚目屬下的珊瑚負責珊瑚礁的建立。代表的品種有：板葉雀屏珊瑚（蓮珊瑚科）丶中華扁腦珊瑚（菊珊瑚科）和團塊微孔珊瑚（孔珊瑚科），它們佔據了較淺水的生境，而不規則穴孔珊瑚
（孔珊瑚科）和變形合星珊瑚（星珊瑚科）則佔據較深水的生境，而細沙菊珊瑚（菊珊瑚科）在整個深度範圍內都可以找到。
The coral communities of Hong Kong are of interest as they exist close the generally recognized limit for hermatypic (i.e. reef-building) coral growth and are distinct from the reef systems of the Philippines, Tung Sha and Sai Sha. Being a sheltered bay but open to oceanic waters, and not affected critcally by pollution, Hoi Ha Wan provides a good environment for the corals to flourish. The species belong to the order Scleratinia that are responsible for the building up of coral reefs. The representative species are pavona decussata (Agariciidae), Platygyra sinensis (Faviidae) and Porites lobata (Poritidae) which occupy the shallow habitats and Alveopora irregularis (Poritidae) and Stylocoeniella guentheri (Astrocoeniidae) which occupy the deeper habitats, while Cyphastrea spp. (Faviidae) are found throughout the depth range.
地點資訊 Site Details
相關風險 Degree of Hazards
雖然海下灣的水質良好，亦擁有大片的珊瑚群落。可是當吐露河道受到污染，位於海下灣的河口位置亦有機會被污染。灣仔取土地區未來的發展和土地用途的改變都可能會污染海下灣的自然環境。潛水員及其相關活動的人為干擾亦可能會影響珊瑚群落的正常發展。
The polluted, sediment loaded, waters of Tolo Channel affect the mouth of bay although the main body of the bay has good water quality and sustains coral communities. Future development and changes of land use in Wanchai Borrow Area may cause water pollution and sedimentation of Hoi Ha Wan. Divers and their associated activities may affect the normal development of coral communities.